French privacy advocacy group La Quadrature du Net, non-profit Internet service provider French Data Network, and its Federation FDN industry, have raised a second challenge directed at Privacy Shield, following the steps of the first legal challenge raised by the Digital Rights Ireland. The french group is objecting to the restriction on US surveillance activities, in particular the bulk collection of data and the purposes for which the data can be used. The question about the US ombudsman which relies on independent instruments was raised, as they believe it not to be sufficient to consider it an independent judicial entity, and therefore not an effective mechanism for dealing with the complaints. Details of the case are not yet officially available. This is not the first time La Quadrature du Net has publicly criticised the Privacy Shield, referring to the framework as 'protection full of holes!'.